1.01 Izvirni znanstveni članek
UDK 94(497.4Maribor=411.6)"12/14"

Na slovenskem narodnostnem ozemlju srečujemo Jude predvsem od 12. stoletja naprej, in to vzporedno z nastankom meščanskih naselij. Na Ptuju je judovska posest prvič omenjena leta 1286, v Mariboru pa Jude prvič zasledimo med letoma 1274 in 1296. Od gospodarskih dejavnosti so se Judje ukvarjali predvsem s posojilodajalstvom in so imeli pomembno vlogo pri uvajanju štajerskega denarnega gospodarstva. Bili so mobilni sloj prebivalstva in so Maribor povezali z mnogimi srednjeveškimi evropskimi središči takratnega časa. Njihove trgovske vezi so segale do Dunaja in Benetk, od Prage do Dubrovnika in do mnogih nemških mest. Z njihovim izgonom v letih 1496/1497 je mariborsko mesto postalo osiromašeno v gospodarskem in tudi družbeno-kulturnem pogledu. Sinagoga v mestu ob Dravi je bila nekaj časa celo občasni sedež vrhovnega rabinata za Štajersko, Koroško in Kranjsko. Ohranila se je kot edinstven kulturnozgodovinski spomenik. V njej je deloval tudi eden najpomembnejših judovskih učenjakov vseh časov Israel Isserlein. Ob 520-letnici izgona Judov iz mesta in dežele se je vredno spomniti tega obdobja, v katerem je Maribor doživljal gospodarski razvoj in prosperiteto. Zaradi izgona Judov pa je ostal za večno »preklet« in ta urok naj bi nad mestom
še vedno visel. Tudi po 520 letih!

1.01 Original Scientific Article
UDC 94(497.4Maribor=411.6)"12/14"
 

Jews are present in the Slovene national territory from the 12th century on and parallel to the development of towns. The first Jewish estate in Ptuj was for the first time mentioned in 1286, in Maribor they were mentioned for the first time between 1274 and 1296. Jews were, in economic sense, first of all lenders ad they played a special role in introducing the Styria monetary economy. Jews were the mobile part of the population and they connected Maribor with many European centres of that time. Their trade connections reached from Vienna to Venice, from Prague to Dubrovnik, as well as to numerous German towns. Their deportation in 1496/97 left the town of Maribor economically and social-cultural speaking impoverished. The Maribor synagogue was for a while the occasional seat of the supreme rabbinate for Styria, Carinthia and Carniola. It is preserved as a unique cultural-historical monument. One of the most important Jewish scholars of all times, Israel Isserlein, was active in this synagogue. At the 520th anniversary of the Jewish deportation from our city and country, this period, in which Maribor achieved an economic development and prosperity, is worth to be remembered. Because of the deportation Maribor was “cursed” forever and that curse is still dwelling upon the city. And this after 520 years!